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小编:Eileen 39在2016年的雅思写作考试中,犯罪类话题占5%,虽然占比较小,但是想必对于大多数中国雅思考生,如果没有事先经过精心准备的话,对这个题目恐怕只能是傻眼了。
那么今天环球小编就为大家带来了雅思写作大作文Task2中的犯罪类话题的写作素材,希望对大家有所帮助。
这些我们会遇到的题目:
1.青少年犯罪
母题:In many parts of the world children and teenagers are committing more crimes. Why is this case happening? How should children or teenagers be punished? (100804)
提示:青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency 产生的原因及其解决方法。可从家庭、社会、媒体三个角度分析。
子题:很多年轻人有一种反社会行为,原因是什么,如何解决?犯罪是人类本性,还是可以预防的?
2.犯罪预防
母题:Unlike in most other countries, police in the UK do not commonly carry guns. Some people think it leaves citizens unprotected. But others think it reduces the overall violence in our society. Discuss both sides of the view and give your opinion. (040320, 040619)
提示:这道题目当之无愧地成为母题,因为这道话题自从2010年9月起已经成为了雅思口语话题中的题目。11年8月20日,这道题目以变题的形式再一次出现在雅思写作中。
子题:是否应该严惩违反交规者?城市中采取预防犯罪的措施,利大于弊吗?个人如果为所欲为,社会就无法运转,你同意吗?犯罪是世界问题,无法预防,你同意吗?
3.罪犯惩处
母题:Sending criminals to prison is not the best method of dealing with them. Education and job training are better ways to help them. Do you agree or disagree? (050618, 080918)
提示:其实囚禁imprisonment和再教育都是一种让囚犯改造rehabilitate的方法。还有community service对于轻犯和初犯都是一种不错的惩处方式。
子题:监狱除了惩罚犯罪,还有什么功能?降低犯罪的最佳方法是延长监狱星期吗?刑满释放人员再犯罪率很高,为什么,如何解决?你认为罪犯应该送到监狱还是应该做一些社区工作或学习一些技能?
下面我们就通过一个题目详细展开思路。
Can capital punishment ever be justified?
是否应该有死刑?
关于这个话题,大致可以分成以下这几个分论点来展开:
Arguments against capital punishment
1.死刑只是对罪犯的一种处罚,而并不能够将犯罪行为中受害者生命挽回,或者赔偿其所遭受的伤害
Capital punishment, which even though manages to bring the criminals to justice, could by no means compensate for physical, mental and psychological sufferings inflicted on victims, or in some extreme cases, bring back their lives.
2.无论一个人犯多大的错误,其他人都无权剥夺其生命。
It is entirely unjustified to deprive one of his/her rights to live regardless of how insanely severe and cruel the offenses he/she has committed are.
3.死刑犯的尸体的处理将是一个非常具有争议的道德问题。
How the body of the deceased criminal is going to be disposed of will be bound to raise grave both ethical and social implications.
Arguments for capital punishment
4.如果死刑犯没有受到最为严厉的惩罚,那么这对受害者是不公平的。
It would be only fair for the victims if the criminals are subject to the greatest fear of all- death.
5.如果死刑取消的话,那么很多潜在的罪犯就不会顾忌做出一些极为可怕的犯罪行为。
If capital punishment is ever to be done away with, the potential wrong-doers wouldn't be deterred from committing staggeringly serious offenses among which serial murder proves particularly appalling.
写作素材的收集可以让你在写作中下笔如有神,下面我们就介绍一些犯罪类题材大作文中的素材。
1.先来说说犯罪份子该如何表达
criminals 名词,罪犯(值得注意的是,该词有形容词性)。
offenders 名词,罪犯,违法者。
convicts 名词,罪犯,囚徒(前段时间很红的一套书《囚徒健身》,"Convict Conditioning")。
culprits 名词,犯人。同时,本词可以指的是被指控犯罪的人。
outlaws 名词,罪犯,暴徒。也有动词词性,并且为及物动词,译为宣布某事为不合法。
suspect (criminal suspect)名词,犯罪嫌疑人。其实,在法庭最终宣判之前,我们口中的罪犯多数情况下应该用这个词表达,更为严谨。
prisoner 名词,犯人,囚犯。
juvenile criminals 名词,青少年罪犯。
minor criminals 名词,未成年罪犯。
juvenile delinquent / juvenile offender 名词,少年犯,或行为不端的青少年
值得注意的是,其实在雅思写作犯罪类的话题中,未成年人犯罪往往是常见话题。因此后面几个词汇,需要大家重点掌握。
2.来说说犯罪这件事该如何表达,要注意词性标注
commit a crime (commit crimes) 动宾,犯罪
violate the law / break the law 动宾,犯罪,违法
offend against the law 动宾,违法
violent crimes / non-violent crimes 形容词+名词,暴力犯罪/非暴力犯罪
delinquent behaviors / illegal acts / lawless behaviors形容词+名词,不法的行为
juvenile delinquency 名词,特指青少年的不法行为
illegality 名词,泛指所有违法行为。此外,immorality 名词,指的是不道德的行为,其实近似于违法行为,但是略有区别。同理,副词illegally和immorally也是类似的区别
wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency 名词,都是指的是行为不端
请见如下例文:(青少年违法之后应该如何被惩罚永远是雅思考试的常见话题)
引导阅读原文 There is no denying that everyone should be punished due to his/her illegality, no matter how old he/she is. Notwithstanding, this does not imply that juvenile culprits should be treated as equally as adult prisoners. Juvenile detentions ought to be the place for those minor offenders instead of common jails, and besides juvenile suspects should be on trial in juvenile court where their right can be protected much better.
Juvenile convicts with violent crimes should be detained in juvenile detentions as they might be potential threats to our society, and on the other hand minor culprits with non-violent crimes can be punished with more flexibility such as being forced to do social work.
PS: Juvenile detentions 名词,少管所
juvenile court 名词,未成年人法庭
detain 及物动词,羁押
3.犯罪率的表达方式
Crime rate / incident of crime
如何降低犯罪率,是经常在雅思写作中被讨论的话题。
Unbelievably high juvenile crime rate is plaguing many countries all over the world, and how to reduce it has become prime task for those governments for a long time.
4.rehabilitate criminals / reform criminals 动宾,改造罪犯
Main function of prisons is not only punishing culprits with locking them up but also rehabilitating them as everyone no matter what he/she has done deserves a second chance. 监狱的功能不仅是限制犯人的自由,还要给这些犯人提供一个改过自新的机会。
5.几个导致青少年犯罪的原因如下:
Lack of moral education 名词性,缺少德育教育(lack一词在实际写作中是考生们常犯错误的地方,请看后面的注解。)
Inappropriate parenting 名词性,不恰当的家庭教育
Being exposed to misleading information from media 动名词性质,暴露于媒体的诱导性信息
Lack of ability of telling right from wrong 名词性,缺少辨别是非的能力
Blindly imitate what they often see or read in media 动宾结构,盲目模仿在媒体中看到的或者听到的事物