雅思阅读最常见的“生物类”和“社会类”话题类型中，经常碰到关于“味道”、“气味”的词汇，剑桥8 TEST2 PASSAGE3“The meaning and power of smell”中集中出现关于嗅觉“气味”的多种表达。跟随环球教育杨宇老师来看一下，表示嗅觉味道的那些词汇：

　　1.【雅思阅读原文】The sense of smell, olfaction, is powerful.对气味的感觉，或嗅觉，是十分强大的。

　　Olfaction [ɒl'fækʃ(ə)n]

　　n. the sense of smell 嗅觉

　　olfaction disorders嗅觉障碍

　　E.g. In realm of olfaction, we must make do with with descriptions and recollections.在嗅觉的领域，我们只能勉强依赖描述和回忆。

　　[同根词]Olfactory

　　2.【雅思阅读原文】Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations.

　　Olfactory[ɒl'fækt(ə)rɪ]

　　adj. Olfactory means concerned with the sense of smell. 嗅觉的，味道的

　　olfactory perception 嗅知觉；嗅觉；嗅觉认知

　　E.g. 'It smells like...,' we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience.我们想要描述某种气味时，只能说“它闻起来像...”，绞尽脑汁地表达我们的嗅觉感受。

　　3.【雅思阅读原文】For the most part, however, we breathe in the aromas which surround us without being consciously aware of their importance to us.然而，在大多数情况下，我们吸入周围的气味却并不自觉它们对我们的重要性。

　　aroma /[ə'rəʊmə]

　　n. An aroma is a strong, pleasant smell. 芳香

　　Aroma Therapy 芳香疗法

　　E.g.the wonderful aroma of freshly baked bread新烤面包的美妙香味

　　[同根词]aromatic[ærə'mætɪk]

　　adj. An aromatic plant or food has a strong, pleasant smell of herbs or spices. 芳香的

　　4.【雅思阅读原文】 It is only when the faculty of smell is impaired for some reason that we begin to realise the essential role of the sense of smell plays in our sense of well-being.只有当嗅觉因某种原因受损而失灵时，我们才开始意识到嗅觉在我们的幸福感中扮演的重要角色。

　　Smell [smel]

　　A)n. The smell of something is a quality it has which you become aware of when you breathe in through your nose. 气味

　　E.g. In spite of its importance to our emotional and sensory lives, smell is probably the most undervalued sense in many cultures.尽管嗅觉对我们的情感和感知生活都很重要，但它可能在很多文化中仍是最不受重视的官能。

　　Sense of smell嗅觉

　　B)V If something smells a particular way, it has a quality which you become aware of through your nose. 有…的气味; 闻起来;有臭味;闻到

　　e.g. Can you smell burning?你能闻到烧焦的味道吗？

　　5.【雅思阅读原文】A scent associated with a good experience can bring a rush of joy, while a foul odour or one associated with a bad memory may make us grimace with disgust.某种和愉快经历相关的气味会带来欣喜之感；污浊的气味或与糟糕经历有关的气味则可能让人恶心得面部扭曲。

　　Scent[sent]

　　A)n. The scent of something is the pleasant smell that it has. 香味

　　e.g. Flowers are chosen for their scent as well as their look.花儿不仅凭外观也凭香味而被选中。

　　B)v. If something scents a place or thing, it makes it smell pleasant. 使充满香味

　　e.g. Jasmine flowers scent the air.茉莉花使空气充满芳香。

　　C)n. Scent is a liquid which women put on their necks and wrists to make themselves smell nice. 香水

　　e.g. She dabbed herself with scent.她在自己身上擦了点香水。

　　D)v. The scent of a person or animal is the smell that they leave and that other people sometimes follow when looking for them. (人的) 气味; (动物留下的) 臭迹

　　e.g. A police dog picked up the murderer's scent.一条警犬嗅出了凶手的气味。

　　E)v. When an animal scents something, it becomes aware of it by smelling it. 嗅到

　　E.g. dogs can scent the hidden birds.狗可以嗅到隐藏的鸟

　　6.【雅思阅读原文】In facts, infants recognise the odours of their mothers soon after birth and adults can often identify their children or spouses by scent. 事实上，婴儿在出生后不久就会辨识母亲的气味，成人也往往可以通过气味辨认自己的孩子或伴侣。

　　Odour ['əʊdə]

　　n. An odour is a particular and distinctive smell. 独特气味

　　e.g. Odours are invested with cultural values: smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others.嗅觉被赋予了文化价值：在有些文化中具有冒犯一味地气味到了其他文化中可能就变得为人所接受了。

　　[同根词]Odourless

　　7.【雅思阅读原文】 Researchers have still to decide whether smell is one sense or two- one responding to odours proper and the other registering odourless chemicals in the air.研究者们还需要判断嗅觉到底是一种还是两种感觉--一种感觉回应气味本身，另一种感觉记录空气中无味的化学成分。

　　Odourless [ˈəʊdəlɪs]

　　adj. An odourless substance has no smell. 无气味的

　　8.【雅思阅读原文】Such associations can be powerful enough so that odours that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals.这样的联系强到一定程度时，会让大众普遍不喜欢的气味变得令特定个体愉快，也会让大众公认为芬芳的气味变得让特定个体讨厌。

　　fragrant['freɪgr(ə)nt]

　　adj. Something that is fragrant has a pleasant, sweet smell. 芳香的

　　e.g. fragrant oils and perfumes香精油和香水

　　通过总结，我们可以看到在剑桥阅读文章“The meaning and power of smell”中的八种关于“气味”的表达。

　　由此，我们还可以看到一个现象，在句子和文章中，作者一直避免的是词汇的重复使用，并尽量做到词汇的多样化使用。不止是本篇如此，其他的阅读文章，乃至我们自己在语言表达上也要注意词汇的多样化使用。